Day 2 :
Keynote Forum
Yonglong Lu
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Keynote: Ecological Impacts of Emerging pollutants
Time : 09:15-10:00
Biography:
Dr. Yonglong Lu is a Distinguished Professor and Co-Director of Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences (RCEES), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Chair of Regional Ecological Risk Assessment and Environmental Management Group at RCEES, CAS; Fellow of TWAS (The World Academy of Sciences); past President of Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment (SCOPE); President of Pacific Society Association (PSA); Member of International Resource Panel, United Nations Environment Program (UNEP/IRP); Science Advisor of International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN); former member of Committee on Scientific Planning and Review, International Council for Sciences (ICSU/CSPR); Vice President of Ecological Society of China; Chair of Committee on Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Chinese Society for Sustainable Development. He also serves as a Science Advisor to UNESCO Biotechnology Research Center, National Research Institute of Humanity and Nature (RIHN) of Japan, and a jury member for the category of Ecology and Conservation Biology, BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Awards. His research interests include: Ecological impacts and risk assessment of emerging pollutants, sustainable watershed management, coastal environmental impacts, urban ecological planning and assessment, energy and environmental impacts, environmental management and emergency response, and environmental technology innovation and diffusion policies. As an active environmental ecologist, he has published more than 260 papers in the peer reviewed journals such as Science, Nature, Science Advances, Environ Int., Environ S&T, Environ Pollution, J Hazardous Mat., Sci. Total Environ, Chemosphere, J Environ Management, J Environ Quality, Environ Sci. and Policy, Environ Management, AMBIO, Ecosystem Health and Sustainability, and Energy Policy. He has authored or co-authored 16 books, and his papers and books have been widely cited and appreciated with some of them listed as classical citations. He is the founding Editor-in-Chief of Ecosystem Health and Sustainability jointly appointed by the Ecological Society of America and Ecological Society of China through a global search process, an Associate Editor of Science Advances, the founder and Associate Editor of Environmental Development: Trans-disciplinary Journal of SCOPE, Associate Editor of Acta Ecologica Sinica, and an editorial board member of Chemistry and Ecology, Environmental Innovation and Societal Transformation, and other peer-reviewed journals. He was the Guest Editor of a supplementary issue of Science magazine “Science in the Chinese Academy of Sciences” (2012). He has accumulated more than two decades experience in international development and in the coordination of international activities, taking leadership positions in national or multinational organizations. He has been invited by the UNEP, UNESCO, UNDP, APEC, ICSU, SCOPE, IAC, TWAS and IIASA many times to make presentations or keynote speeches at international conferences or forums, and to serve on various expert panels. He has been a project leader/coordinator or chief scientist for some 40 national or international cooperative projects, and served on several expert consultation groups for environmental decision-making at various levels of the Chinese government. He has obtained various awards and honors from the State Council of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences and other national or international organizations, including the 2nd Prize of National Award for Advancement of Science and Technology, National Outstanding Young and Middle-aged Scientist, Green Design International Contribution Award, and SCOPE Distinguished Achievement Award.
Abstract:
Emerging persistent organic pollutants (ePOPs) are newly released organic compounds to the environment, or ‘old’ organic compounds which are subject to the concern of hazards risk, or those pollutants that may be candidates of POPs list of Stockholm Convention. Because of their persistence, bio-accumulation, and potential for long-range transport, the ePOPs may bring great impacts to ecosystem and human health. In this presentation, the Bohai Coastal Region is taken as case study area for coastal ecosystem research. Multi-disciplinary methods, including ecological field survey, eco-toxicological analysis, spatial analysis using geographic information system, simulation and modelling, social survey and policy analysis, are applied.
For a decade, my research group has made extensive investigation of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFASs) along the coast of the Bohai Sea in north China. Major efforts have been devoted to source identification of the emerging pollutants through sampling analysis and its correlation with industrial and domestic emissions. We found that industrialization and urbanization along the coast have had great impacts on the source and fate of emerging pollutants in environmental media. Compared the field data with modelling results, natural degradation and new input have been found, and spatial diffusion of their environmental risks in multi-media has been simulated and validated. Strategies and management guidelines were presented for prevention and remediation of ecological and health impacts of the emerging pollutants.
Keynote Forum
Robert Hewat
Independent Environmental & Social Impact management consultant, Papindo / Clear Intercultural
Keynote: Sensitivity of suspended sediment simulations to the selection of open boundary conditions in applied three-dimensional modelling
Time : 11:15- 12:00
Biography:
Robert Hewat is an independent consultant with over 25 years’ experience working with government, communities, NGOs, bi- and mulit-lateral development organizations and resource companies with a focus on social ecology, indigenous community empowerment and sustainable management of natural resources in Indonesia and Melanesia. This includes working as the Papua Landscape Advisor for the USAID Indonesia Forest and Climate Support Program (2013-2015), which involved facilitating participatory social, economic and ecological research and supporting multi-stakeholder planning for adaptive-collaborative management of the Mimika-Asmat coastal wetlands.
Abstract:
The Mimika-Asmat Coastal Wetlands of south-west New Guinea include approximately 575,000 ha of mangroves and 2,000,0000 ha of swamp forest and are amongst the World’s most extensive, bio-diverse and carbon rich coastal wetlands. They are home to the indigenous Kamoro, Semapan and Asmat people, who depend heavily on mangrove and swamp forest resources. Contrary to the trend of rapid deforestation and degradation of mangrove and swamp forests in Western Indonesia, up until around 2001 these and most of Papua’s other coastal wetlands remained largely intact, but since then threats from logging, mining, plantations, infrastructure development and urban encroachment have resulted in the rate of degradation and deforestation rising to approach the national average. The Mimika-Asmat Coastal Wetlands Program was initiated by the USAID Indonesia Forest and Climate Support Program in 2013 with the aim of building multi-stakeholder commitment and capacity for sustainable utilization and management of these forests. Activities undertaken to date include: 1) Vegetation and carbon stock mapping; 2) Formation and capacity building of a Mangrove and Swamp Forest Working Group; 3) Participatory mapping, land-use planning and development of Community Conservation and Livelihoods Agreements; 4) Identification of threats and modeling of the impacts of climate, land-use and coastal change; 5) Social-ecological resilience assessment, economic valuation and preliminary assessment of the sustainability of existing and potential resource exploitation; 6) Coastal Field Schools pilot program; and 7) Development of regional mangrove management strategy, an adaptive-collaborative management plan and local regulations. Whilst this initiative is still in its infancy significant progress has been made towards highlighting the local, regional and global significance and building local capacity towards sustainable management.
Keynote Forum
Dr. Synudeen Sahib
Keynote: Marine Biodiversity in India with special reference to conservation, status and issues
Time : 11:30-12:15
Biography:
Abstract:
India has a vast coastline of 8000 km, of which, 5, 423 km belong to Peninsular India and 2, 094 km to the Andaman, Nicobar, and Lakshadweep Islands, and with an EEZ of 2.02 million sq. km. There are about 13,000 recorded marine species in India. Indian coastal zones have a variety of habitats like mangrove, estuarine, coral reefs, sea grass beds, lagoons, sand dunes, rocky shore, cliffs, intertidal mud flats, etc. Coastline of India has also supports nearly 250 million people and the ecological services of marine and coastal ecosystems of India play a vital role in India’s economy growth. The marine floral diversity includes 844 species of marine alga (sea weeds) belonging to 217 genera, 14 species of sea grasses and 69 species of mangroves. The marine faunal diversity includes a wide variety of life forum. The Indian coastal water harbours 451 species of sponges, more than 200 species of corals, more than 2900 species of crustacean, 3370 species of marine molluscs, more than 200 species of bryozoans, 765 species of echinoderm, 47 species of tunicates, more than 1300 marine fishes, 26 species of sea snakes, 5 species of sea turtles and 30 species of marine mammals including dugong, dolphins, whales etc. In addition a wide variety of sea birds can be observed around the coast. There are ten species of sharks and rays including whale shark, all species of sea horses, all cetaceans, dugong, nine species of shells, five species of sea turtles, one species of otter, all species of corals, all species of sponges and all holothurians that occur in coastal and marine areas of India are considered under threat, therefore, protected under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 by listing them in the Schedule. Major anthropogenic direct drivers of ecosystem degradation and destruction include habitat conversion to other forms of land use, overexploitation of species and associated destructive harvesting practices, spread of invasive alien species, and the impacts of pollution from agricultural, domestic and industrial effluents. In this paper, the major issues related to coastal and marine biodiversity conservation and measures taken to address them have been highlighted.
Keynote Forum
Quang Nguyen
The University of Mississippi, USA
Keynote: Assessment of coastal hazards from extreme rainfall floods and sea level rise
Biography:
Quang Nguyen obtained his Ph.D. degree in Engineering Science from the University of Mississippi in the United States. He earned his M.S. degree from Hiroshima University in Japan. He has 13 years of experience in both academia and industry in the field of environmental science and engineering, emphasis in climate change, coastal hazards, and coastal floods. He has worked for 13 projects funded by prestigious sources such as the U.S. Department of Transportation, World Bank, Asian Development Bank, and MacArthur Foundation. He has published numerous papers in journals and international conferences.
Abstract:
Coastal areas are prone to many natural hazards such as extreme rainfall floods and sea level rise (SLR). Coastal areas are home to more than one billion people across the globe and up to 310 million of those live in 100-year floodplain areas. Moreover, U.S. $11 trillion worth of infrastructure assets were constructed below the 100-year flood mark. The natural hazards also affect coastal ecosystem. The primary objective of this presentation is to present the one-dimensional (1-D) HEC-RAS floodplain modeling and a CAIT methodology using high resolution laser-based digital elevation model (DEM) data of the terrain and Landsat-8 imagery to evaluate the impact of extreme rainfall floods and SLR on coastal regions. The coastal regions of Miami in the United States and Hai Phong in Vietnam were selected for this study. The key results of the floodplain modeling for these cities indicated that 409.64 km2, or 56.76% of the study area in Miami and 177.84 km2, or 84.31% of the study area in Hai Phong are inundated by floodwater, respectively. The affected population due to an extreme rainfall flood is around 1.42 million in Miami and 0.62 million in Hai Phong. The results of the SLR simulation show that the submerged land due to 2 m SLR is 412.0 km2 (57.1 % of the study area) in Miami and 35.3 km2 (16.7% of the study area) in Hai Phong. The affected population from a 2 m SLR is close to 1.43 million in Miami and 0.07 million in Hai Phong. In this study, a resilience management plan was recommended to protect people, infrastructure, and ecosystem from coastal hazards.
- Special Session
Location: Grill 3182 Restaurant
Session Introduction
Oleg Makarynskyy
Australian Institute of Marine Science, Brinkin, Australia
Title: : Sensitivity of suspended sediment simulations to the selection of open boundary conditions in applied three-dimensional modelling
Biography:
This paper presents the outcomes of a sensitivity study aimed at assessing suspended sediment concentrations from dredge disposal operations. The study was focused at a near-shore area of southern New South Wales. The bathymetry of the area is typical for the region with a relatively steep slope and depths up to 80 m within 5 km offshore. A curvilinear, three-dimensional hydrodynamic model was developed to properly describe the modelling domain and oceanographic processes within it. The domain incorporated a 5-meter thick surface water layer and for a 10-meter thick near-bottom water layer, both required for further detailed assessments of suspended sediment transport and diffusion and models’ sensitivity. To provide the open-ocean boundary conditions to the three-dimensional hydrodynamic model, two sources of information were used: space varying tidal constituent data and regional-scale, three-dimensional ocean currents. It was assumed that the used open boundary forcing realistically reflected existing oceanographic conditions in the project area for the modelling period. A three-dimensional disposal plume model was then used to evaluate impact zones and exceedances from periodic dumping operations. The modelled sediments consisted of fine fractions of silt and clay. The obtained results demonstrated that using tides only, tides and wind, or currents and tides and wind as the forcing for hydrodynamic and then sediment transport models essentially changes the exceedance map configuration. The outcomes of this study emphasise that any model, independently of how plausible the forcing functions are, needs to be properly calibrated and validated based on the field monitoring data from the area of interest.
Abstract:
Dr.Oleg Makarynskyy has over 25 years’ experience and extensive skills in the fields of ocean and coastal program development and project management, numerical modelling, data analysis, as well as quantitative project risk assessments. His professional history embraces climate studies using earth system models; studies of sensitivities of wave and hydrodynamic models; wind, wave and current hindcast, prediction, data assimilation, and model validation studies. In consultation with industry and public stakeholders over the course of the projects, Oleg has been designing and conducting research field campaigns, hydrodynamic and hydrocarbon spill assessments, pollutant discharge and dredging studies.
- Marine Pollution | Maritime Civiliztions | Coastal Hazards | Offshore and Maritime Engineering | Coastal Developments | Coastal Resources | Marine Geology and GIS application | Marine Data Management | Marine Refinery
Location: Grill 3182 Restaurant
Chair
Mohamed El-Said FARGHALY
Suez Canal University, Egypt
Session Introduction
Vanniarachchy Suraj
Worldview International Foundation, Myanmar
Title: Integrated Coastal Management in South Africa: Achievements and Challenges Over 8 Years of Implementation
Time : 13:40-14:10
Biography:
Vanniarachchy Suraj Anuradha has over 10 years of experience in international carbon project development and research in the South and Southeast Asian region. He has been involved with research projects related to climate change mitigation and adaptation. He is also involved in the preparation of the Third National Communication (TNC) of Sri Lanka to the UNFCCC. He has worked on blue carbon projects in Myanmar for Worldview International Foundation and has conducted research with academics from the University of Pathein (Myanmar) on blue carbon.
Abstract:
Myanmar is ranked globally, as the second most vulnerable country in the world to extreme weather events over the last 20 years. The country has a coastline exceeding 2,832 km and approximately 785,000 ha of mangrove cover. Mangrove forests comprise 4% of Myanmar’s tree stock, are being destroying at an alarming rate. This research was done in the Thor Heyerdahl Climate Park, a 1,800-acre climate park located in Ayeyarwady Region of Myanmar. Objective of the research was to identify the synergies between mangrove restoration and UN sustainable development goals. It was found that 16 of the 17 SDGs are addressed through a sustainably managed mangrove restoration. It also sequestrated significant amount of carbon. These mangroves in Myanmar can store up to 732 tons of carbon per hectare. Unless the 785,000 ha of mangroves are placed under a protected scheme, over 500 million tons of carbon would release alone from the soil carbon to the atmosphere thus contributing towards global warming. Furthermore this analysis found that replanting 2000 hectares of mangroves would sequestrate over 5.5 million tons of carbon dioxide over a 20 year period. The calculations were based on actual field measurements and IPCC and UNFCCC approved methodologies. Mangroves act as a Green Wall, a Green Foundation, a Green Filter and a Green Habitat and each of this provides immense service against vulnerabilities. Green Wall protects against cyclones, winds and typhoons. Green Foundation protects shorelines from erosion and improves landscape resilience. The Green Filter reduces the saline content of coastal water and lowers damage from salt water intrusion. The Green Habitat provides breeding grounds and sanctuary for rich biodiversity. Therefore it can be concluded that mangroves provide a cost effective yet productive method of climate change mitigation and adaptation.
Ramesh Madipally
National Centre for Earth Science Studies, India
Title: Monitoring of near shore dynamics in southwest coast of India: A video imagery approach
Time : Ramesh Madipally
Biography:
Ramesh Madipally is currently working as Scientist-B at National Centre for Earth Science Studies, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India. He has graduated in Electronics and Communication Engineering and Post-graduated in Geo-informatics. His expertise is in remote sensing and image processing. His interest towards recent developmental studies in coastal management activities lead him to work in the near shore monitoring domain to develop an indigenous video monitoring system for India.
Abstract:
The continuous monitoring of the complex near shore processes is important for scientists and coastal engineers. The near shore domain is being highly dynamic in nature; continuous sampling with traditional in situ sensors is significantly poor as the deployment of instruments is costly and risky. In such environment, remote sensing is a promising tool for measurements, but satellite imagery or aerial photography has its limitations during adverse weather conditions. Hence, optical investigations through video cameras have become a powerful and cost-effective tool for long-term data collection of near shore processes. In view of this, a new coastal monitoring system was established at Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, south-west coast of India during September 2016. This system has tremendous scope for being developed into a fully automated coastal monitoring system. The first phase of development deals with database management, pre-processing for lens distortion correction and geo-rectification of video imagery. The rectification is carried out using an open source toolbox ‘ULISES’. The rectified pixel time stacks have been processed for near shore wave analysis. A site-specific transfer function with the pixel time stack data and in situ measurement data is designed using multi taper power spectral density estimate methods. Spectral analysis methods have been used to estimate wave parameters. The computed wave height, mean period and peak frequency corroborates with the measured in situ wave data with a mean bias -0.01 m, 0.14s, 0.0004 Hz and root mean square errors 0.15 m, 1.7 s and 0.010 Hz, respectively. The results of this study are quite encouraging by indicating that video imagery techniques have potential to be adopted as full-fledged coastal monitoring system, which is extremely useful for understanding the coastal hydro-dynamics particularly the surf zone dynamics.
Biography:
Abstract:
Ezatollah Ghanavati,
Faculty of geographical sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
Title: Coastal hazard assessment of Makran coast (SE Iran) due to global sea level rise
Biography:
E. Ghanavati, P.Z. Firouzabadi, A.A. Jangi, S. Khosravi, (2008), Monitoring geomorphologic changes using Landsat TM and ETM+ data in the Hendijan River delta, southwest Iran, International Journal of Remote Sensing 29 (4), 945-959.
Abstract:
SE coast of Iran is a part Makran coast stretches about 500 km from border with Pakistan to the strait of Hormoz. This area has great economic and environmental importance and experience rapid development. Global climate changes impact the coast as sea level rise and increasing frequency and intensity of tropical cyclones originated from the Arabian Sea. Vulnerability assessment of coastal areas to flooding and inundation has great importance for sustainable development of the region. This study aims to develop a Coastal Vulnerability index for Makran coast. Using satellite images and filed observations four major geomorphic units are recognized in the Makran coast: (1) sandy and gravely beaches (2) cliffs and rocky shores, (3) low-laying coast including tidal flats and mangrove forest and (4) man maid coast including coastal infrastructures and human settlements. Ten risk variables are defined including, rate of relative sea-level change, coastal elevation, coastal slope, rate of sedimentation and erosion, tidal range, significant wave height, flash floods and storm surge, environmental sensibility and socio-economic sensibility. Geomorphic unit are categorized based on their sensitivity to each risk variable. The result is a vulnerability map that highlights vulnerability degree of each unit to physical, environmental and socio-economic hazards. This study tries to increasing awareness amongst
Glenn Bryan A Creencia
Cavite State University, Phillippines
Title: Community-based management of the Calatagan Mangrove Forest Conservation Park in Batangas, Philippines: A case study on environmental sustainability
Biography:
Abstract:
Mangroves provide humankind with valuable resources and services. The big decline of mangrove forests in the Philippines was attributed to over-exploitation by coastal dwellers, conversion to agriculture or fishponds and settlement. The efforts of a small group of women to protect a mangrove forest called Ang Pulo in Brgy Quilitisan, Calatagan, Batangas triggered the curiosity of the researcher to conduct this study. The study determined the level of knowledge and awareness (KA) on mangrove resources, services and conservation practices of the local government unit (LGU) of Catalagan, Batangas, the people’s organization (PO) called Palitakan, which was initially composed of 10 women and the local coastal community of Batangas Quilitisan. It also determined the value that these stakeholders ascribe to various mangrove resources. Data was collected using questionnaires. The results showed that LGU, PO and the local community had high to very high level of KA toward mangrove resources, services and conservation practices but the PO had consistently very high level of KA. Their active role in mangrove conservation enabled them to have higher level of KA. The mangrove tree was perceived to have the highest selling price (value) while lowest for seed and seedlings. The perceived selling price of the mangrove resources reflected how the stakeholders value these resources based on their prior knowledge and experiences. They also have very high level of KA on mangrove resources, services and conservation practices.
- Poster Presentation
Session Introduction
Marietta B. Albina
Samar State University, Philippines
Title: Socio-Economic profile of Oras Bay, Coastal Barangays Oras e. Samar, Philippines
Biography:
Marietta B. Albina has her expertise in assessment and evaluation in improving the coastal zone and marine protected areas.. She has been involved some projects on coastal aquaculture and fisheries biology particularly on marine biodiversity. She has been involved in the promotion of Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries management (EAFM) to local government units in the Samar province to substitute the traditional tool to fisheries management that is Coastal Resource Management to allow new tools to manage complex ecosystem lie the Samar Sea. Code of conduct on responsible fisheries (CCRF) is one of the major activities in the near future that is to be implemented by the university. Her other expertise is on the field of red tide monitoring in the Maqueda Bay, Villareal Bay, Samar Seas, Philippines, wherein sampling, monitoring and information dissemination, administering on the precaution to the public based on the results specially when there is red tide occurrence.
Abstract:
The study was conducted to evaluate current status of the artisanal fishers in Oras Bay. They analyzed their diminishing fish catch as due to the dwindling coastal resources which is the result of the damaged marine habitats and of overfishing. They attributed three (3) reasons to their dwindling coastal resources: unabated destructive and illegal fishing, polluted waters and climate change. The destructive and illegal fishing still prevalent in their barangays are dynamite fishing, trawl, fish poisoning, the use of compressors in shellfish gathering and illegal quarrying. Although overfishing was only attributed to the increase in the number of fisherfolks, there were discussions on the “open access” system particularly in the use of coastal municipal waters. Overfishing also relates to their inability to fish in deep waters due to the lack of appropriate gears and accessories such as payaos. Destructive and illegal fishing are still prevalent because of the lax implementation of fishery laws and the dearth of active fisherfolk associations. The inactivity of fisherfolk associations is deemed to be the offshoot of the lack of awareness on fishery laws and the dearth of trainings of the fisherfolks and their sectoral organizations.
Renato C. Diocton
Samar State University, Philippines
Title: Ichthyoplankton distribution in Samar sea, Philippines
Biography:
Renato C. Diocton has his expertise in assessment and evaluation in improving the coastal zone and marine protected areas.. He has been involved several project on coastal aquaculture and fisheries biology particularly on marine biodiversity. Recent project was on the use of square mesh windows and tortoise shape of mesh in cod end of shrimp trawl fisheries. He has been involved in the promotion of Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries management (EAFM) to local government units in the Samar province to substitute the traditional tool to fisheries management that is Coastal Resource Management to allow new tools to manage complex ecosystem lie the Samar Sea. Code of conduct on responsible fisheries (CCRF) is one of the major activities in the near future that is to be implemented by the university.
Abstract:
Overall mean ichthyoplankton density at daytime (56 ind/100m3), while taxon richness (family level) higher at nearshore compare to offshore. These results are compared with observed diel patterns in other investigations. Monthly differences in overall egg and larval densities and composition are related to the station location, substrate and other factors. The relative similarity in daytime patterns in stations over deep water suggests that the substrates (seagrass beds and coral reefs) serve as shelters from predation during the daytime. The highest density of fish larvae was the family Bregmaceritidae of 16% identified followed by Apogonidae (pre-flexion) and Mullidae both shared 14% of the total sampled population in one year. Third place in terms of density was Leiognathidae of 13% of this is dominant in shallow sandy to muddy bottom. Next in rank was the Engraulidae (9%) and Exocoetidae (8%) while Serranidae and Apogonidae (flexion) both got 7%. Least was Lutjanidae and some unidentified larvae.